Correct Chapter 7 Question 57 MultipleChoice Part A Plants use sugars as ANSWER:carbon . A) cyanobacteria in freshwater and marine ecosystems B) grizzly bears in Alaska C) bacteria in our mouth D) fungi growing in the refrigerator E) mushrooms growing on the side of a dead tree, A) cyanobacteria in freshwater and marine ecosystems, What is the likely origin of chloroplasts? A) They help the plant conserve water and synthesize glucose efficiently under hot, dry conditions. Guard cells. c) they lose potential energy. Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (elevated CO 2) is a major component of climate change. B) is of benefit to the plant since it breaks down rubisco. 61) What is the main adaptive advantage of the C4 and CAM photosynthesis strategies over the C3 strategy? ________ cells in leaves are specialized for photosynthesis. A) chlorophyll b D) the top of the electron transport chain. 63) Ozone consists of ________ oxygen atom(s). six? How might global climate change affect the aquifer? Greenhouse Gases c) green. D) a fuel for cellular respiration and a starting material for making other organic molecules. Which of the following is an example of a photoautotroph? According to this figure, how do H+ ions make their way from the stroma to the thylakoid interior? C) Most of the biomass of the cut trees would be added to the atmosphere as CO2 within a few years. B) H2O. d) electromagnetism. When the carbon dioxide concentration decreases, the The full range of electromagnetic energy is called the ________ spectrum. D) the final electron acceptor is NADP+ and not oxygen. b) plants produce oxygen gas by splitting CO2. After reading the passage, carbon dioxide absorption is an appropriate indicator of photosynthesis because CO2 is needed to produce sugars in the Calvin cycle. D) They make it possible for the plant to use the Calvin cycle at night. Where is chlorophyll found in a plant cell? Less ATP is made under anaerobic conditions, so more glucose must be consumed to produce an equivalent amount of ATP. B) CO2 is needed to complete the light reactions. . C) They allow the plant to fix carbon more efficiently in dim or cool conditions. Container A is placed under normal sunlight, B under green light, and C under red light. In muscle cells, fermentation produces ____ lactate and NAD+ In fermentation _____ is reduced and _____ is oxidized. CO2 provides the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugars in photosynthesis. Why are most plants green? D) the same as the equation for glycolysis written in reverse. light would probably 16) Which of the following statements concerning the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis and Within the chloroplast, the light reactions take place in the flattened sacs called thylakoids and the Calvin cycle takes place in the thick fluid called the stroma. She placed one beaker in the shade and the other beaker beside a fluorescent lamp. occurs when carbon atoms from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule. If the rate of photosynthesis increases, the amount of carbon dioxide in the environment will decrease, and vice versa. A) is a nucleic acid complex. 37) In a photosystem, clusters of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid pigments function most . ; thylakoids. Youve added an indicator to each solution. d) photosystem I. D) Excitation of the electrons is a very stable state. 40) As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions, You've added an indicator to each solution. 19) The light reactions occur in the ________, while the Calvin cycle occurs in the ________. What is the purpose of test tube #1 that does not contain a plant? a) Even though the plant received no visible light, it was able to use the shortwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum (gamma rays and X-rays) to carry out photosynthesis. a) hydrocarbons. a) they become reduced. C) the top of the electron transport chain. A) Photosynthesis involves only reductions, while respiration involves only oxidations. Column B d) fluorescence. D) produces glucose. In the chloroplast, sugars are made in a compartment that is filled with a thick fluid called the, Chloroplasts contain disklike membranous sacs arranged in stacks called. a) the enzymes involved require a lipid bound to their active site. Plant cells A) lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. D) levels in the atmosphere have been steadily increasing in the past century. Clusters of light-gathering pigments in a photosystem The other five remain and are rearranged to form RuBP.) B) red C) The greenhouse effect is inversely related to increasing levels of atmospheric CO2. c) CO2 is needed to produce sugars in the Calvin cycle. . D) include only the green plants. d) electrons from water and energy from sunlight. D) the final electron acceptor is NADP+ and not oxygen. C) provide energy to Photosystem I and Photosystem II. If the rate of photosynthesis increases, the amount of carbon dioxide in the environment will decrease, and vice versa. cool, moistc. The Pasteur effect shows that yeast consume glucose at a higher rate under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions. A) H2O B) ATP B) transports H+ ions from the stroma to the thylakoid space. B) H+ . . B) Photons raise electrons in pigments to the ground state. ATP and NADPH A) play a role in glucose synthesis by plants. Which of the following are produced by reactions that take place in the thylakoids and consumed by reactions in the stroma? Amino Acids enter: G, CAC c) NADPH 33) Which of the following photosynthetic pigments can be found at the photosystem reaction center? E) Photosystem II does not transfer electrons from photons. The absorbed energy moves the electrons to a more energetic orbital. You're conducting an experiment to determine the effect of different 44) Photophosphorylation during photosynthesis differs from oxidative phosphorylation during cellular Each preferentially absorbs slightly different wavelengths of light. At some point, another. light . 17) What is the source of energy that provides the boost for electrons during photosynthesis? a) ATP. d) G3P. 15) A redox reaction involves the transfer of a fuel for cellular respiration and a starting material for making other organic molecules. CO2is needed to produce sugars in the Calvin cycle. Carbon dioxide absorption is an appropriate indicator of photosynthesis because CO2 is needed to produce sugars in the Calvin cycle. B) is broken down by carbon dioxide. b) orange. color of the indicator solution also changes. A) requires oxygen. Carbon dioxide initially combines with RuBP, and RuBP is regenerated to continue the Calvin cycle. D) pass absorbed energy to chlorophyll a. E) catalyze the incorporation of carbon atoms into RuBP. He placed a stopper on each test tube and placed them all in the dark for 24 hours. D) ultraviolet. D) the energy in CO2 is used to produce ATP and NADPH. concentrated in a zone of leaf tissue called the mesophyll. . . c) ATP. produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules. pyruvate . make glucose or other organic molecules. b) Chlorophyll a is found in photosystem I and chlorophyll b in photosystem II. 38) The energy that excites P680 and P700 is supplied by ; or 45) In photophosphorylation, energy from electron flow is used to transport ________ from the Carbon is stored in the living biomass. The conversion of NADP+ to NADPH occurs with the assistance of _____. because cellular respiration decreases when there is less ligh Passive transport requires an input of energy from the cell. E) of little concern, since it is part of the normal cycle for the planet. because the light independent reaction decreases when there is less light A) CO2. thylakoid membranes. The sodium concentration in a cell is 10 times less than the concentration in the surrounding fluid. A) H and O both in glucose A) are located in the stroma. D) They make it possible for the plant to use the Calvin cycle at night. 29) Chlorophyll b -RNA is made from DNA vis transcription -RNA is transcribed by the enzyme RNA polymerase, -proteins are made from RNA via translation -ribosomes translate proteins w/ the help of transfer RNA. C) three Using this value, find the separation distance of the 222 nitrogen atoms. 58) Plant cells use organelles and electron transport chains, make ATP, During Glycolysis, the cytoplasm During Citric Acid Cycle, the mitochondria, capacity to cause change or do work -kinetic (energy of motion) -potential (stored energy). 6CO2 + 6HO2 ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 (carbon dioxide + water -->sugar + oxygen), -occurs in thylakoids -uses light energy to convert water to oxygen -light is absorbed by chlorophyll in thylakoid membranes, -occurs in the stroma -requires ATP- made from light reactions -converts CO 2 to sugars. . When the carbon dioxide concentration decreases, the color of the indicator solution also changes. B) energy is stored in the form of a proton concentration difference. a) heat. B) The greenhouse effect is exacerbated by the use of fossil fuels. C) ATP, NADPH, O2 Plants, on the other hand, are experts at capturing light energy and using it to make sugars through a process called photosynthesis.