Battle for Land: Success (decreased unemployment because people had to drain swamps and plough land) Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system, 2.) -November criminals - stabbed in the back. On November 21, "squads" of Blackshirts launched an attack on the Socialists in Bologna. leader contribute to the rise to power of that leader. - Discuss this view, with reference to two authoritarian states you have studied from different regions. German imperialism was long based on a theory of colonial growth, called. In Eritrea, President Isaias Afwerki did not speak to the country from mid-February through mid-April. Thus unlike minorities in Italy, Ethiopians were viewed by most Fascists as barbaric "others" who could never become Italian. Josef Stalin ruled the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. (May 2009, TZ1), To what extent was the ruler of one single-party state successful in achieving his aims? . (May 08 TZ2), Analyse the rise to power of either Hitler or Lenin. In Turkey, last months lifting of many restrictions saw a spike in cases, but Erdoan refrained from reimposing another lockdown, fearful of the economic damage it would cause. The Nazi Party recruited, organized, and produced a newspaper to spread its message. (Nov 10)), Analyse the circumstances that helpedoneright-wing leader to become the ruler of a single-party state. Authoritarian States - Humanities Website The Path to Nazi Genocide, NARRATOR: 94-5 - What economic problems did Cuba face? At the end of the third read, you should be able to respond to these questions: Looking back on history, we can often see patterns emerging just before dangerous or terrible events occurred. Under the emergency decree, they could be terrorized, beaten and held indefinitely. Compare and contrast the importance of propaganda to the emergence of two authoritarian states. Totalitarianism, authoritarianism, and fascism are all forms of government characterized by a strong central rule that attempts to control and direct all aspects of individual life through coercion and repression. They believed Japan had a superior culture, and could rule other Asians better than the European empires had. What distinguished Italian Fascism from Nazisms biological view of race? We demand vengeance!. Namely, that certain groups, especially Jews, could not assimilate and would have to be removed entirely so the nation could thrive. The skim should be very quick and give you the gist (general idea) of what the article is about. 2 . Historical examples of such centralized totalitarian rule include the Mauryan dynasty of India (c. 321-c. 185 bce ), the Qin dynasty of China (221 . The new governments first targets were political opponents. During this time, about one-third of the Communist Party's three million members were killed. Public domain. One-party rule seemed beyond their grasp. (goal: increase acceptance of fascist ideology {many ignored indoctrination aspects}), 3.) 'Hitler and his party would never have come to power without the severe economic and political crisis that engulfed Germany from 1929 onwards' - Overy. This is a list of key notes that you can use in paper 2 as the most important factors that need to be studied as recommended by the History guide. Cameroons President Paul Biya vanished in March for over two months, while in Nicaragua, President Daniel Ortega has ducked from public view for extended periods twice, including once for more than a month. A third phrase promoting the "chosen leader" view in the contemporary political context is perhaps the most dangerous, and that is the idea of an "end-time judge" who declares what is good . Economic Crisis. Although many Japanese civilians were not supportive of these military efforts, it became dangerous to question the government or the military. New ideas introduced in politics. The independent sovereign nations that emerged after the fall of the former Soviet Union dont have effective status under international law because there is not an international agreement confirming their status as sovereign nations, he said. Check your email for details on your request. Article III of the OAU Refugee Convention in Context: the Emergence of Methods used to establish authoritarian states: persuasion and coercion; the role of leaders; ideology; the use of force; propaganda. ROMAN CATHOLICISM= official state religion of Italy, Authoritarian control was never completely achieved bc M had to SHARE power with TRADITIONAL italian groups such as the monarchy and the catholic church. Lu has previously acknowledged being part of the wolf warrior class of Chinese diplomats, a nickname given to envoys who respond vehemently to critics they perceive as hostile to China. -Lateran Treaty: gov recognized papal sovereignty over vatican ( became independent state) POPE recognized italian state Social and economic policies in authoritarian states did not always achieve their aims.. It was a cataclysm that darkened the worlds view of humanity and its future. They would call their empire the "Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere". It started with a string of violent clashes in the northern part of Italy beginning in 1920. More than one third of all German men aged 19 to 22 were killed. Although Chinese citizens mobilized to respond to the pandemic by using social media to procure scarce protective gear or find open hospital beds, the Chinese Communist Partys long-standing distrust of civil society has hindered potential collaboration between government officials and volunteers. A new and unfamiliar democratic form of governmentthe Weimar Republicreplaced the authoritarian empire and immediately faced daunting challenges. Use of legal methods; use of force; charismatic leadership; dissemination of propaganda, - ABYSSINIA: Italy decides to invade Abyssinia (won and took steps towards rebuilding roman empire) 4.5/5. READ: Fascist Histories, Part II - Exercising Authoritarianism A good government without propaganda is not more possible than good propaganda without a good government. The Conditions in Which Authoritarian States Emerged Were - Scribd It's obvious to usnowthat the rise of authoritarianism, including fascism, was paving the way for leaders in many countries to command the obedience of whole populations, even when these leaders began to order the killing of civilians. All rights reserved. (May 08 TZ2), Analyse the methods used and the conditions which helped in the rise to power of one ruler of a single-party state. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system. Discuss with reference to one authoritarian state. He had plans to expand into the Balkans and acquire Albania as a territory. Unsurprisingly, the economic conditions in a nation have long played an integral role in the emergence of authoritarian states, with such an idea perfectly illustrated through the establishment of Benito Mussolini's fascist authoritarian state . The early deterioration of the post-colonial African state into personalized and authoritarian rule in this manner mirrored the concerns that anchor refugee law in the first place as a special regime for persons who have well-grounded fear of persecution by reason of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or . How successful was Castro's domestic policy in meeting his aims for Cuba? Totalitarianism | Definition, Characteristics, Examples, & Facts Stalin and his supporters identified their enemies in political and social ways. That meant they could hinder the Fascist agenda, if they wanted. First and foremost is a penchant for feeble rather than decisive leadership. 2023 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. There, tensions over pay and work conditions had put landowning farmers in conflict with Socialist-backed workers. 94 - How Communist was Castro? Compare and contrast the methods used to maintain power in two authoritarian states, each from a different region. David Wong was a 20192020 James C. Gaither Junior Fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and is currently working on a digital start-up. Royal, colonial and authoritarian legacies in Myanmar - ResearchGate 'Elsewhere these groups [like the Nazis] could have been ignored and allowed to die out. Behind the popular but simplistic notion that authoritarianism is rising globally lies the fact that the global wave of antigovernment protests over the past ten yearsan historic high in protests around the worldhas hit many nondemocratic regimes hard. Summarise Castro's rise to power in terms of: - conditions faced; mistakes + weaknesses of others, Compare and contrast the role of propaganda in the emergence of two authoritarian states, each from different regions. Photo of young Italian boys wearing Ballilla uniforms. How was authoritarianism implemented in Italy? The conditions in which authoritarian states emerged were mainly His military leaders used chemical weapons, forced starvation, concentration camps, and mass resettlement of African Libyans to make space for Italian settlers. What shocked so many in Germany about the treaty signed near Paris, at the Palace of Versailles, was that the victors dictated a future in which Germany was deprived of any significant military power. 2016. In other words, the lack of a reasonably level playing field notwithstanding, elections are still competitivealbeit unfair. Sexual norms were in flux. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. Six people died. GOEBBELS [speaking German]: Angry, aggrieved citizens are not a solid foundation for regime durability. And indeed, rising instability, aggression, racism, and fear triggered the eruption of the Second World War. Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social . Advances in the technology of killing included the use of poison gas. 1. - Conditions in which authoritarian states emerged: economic factors; social division; impact of war; weakness of political system Middle class savings were wiped out as severe inflation left the currency worthless. Asked about his position on whether Crimea was part of Ukraine or not, Lu said in a French TV interview on Friday that historically it was part of Russia and had been offered to Ukraine by the former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev.